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West Orange Schools Battle Larger Class Sizes, Fewer Teachers

Superintendent: More students leaving private schools for public education

 

[Editor's note: This is Part Two of a two-part series on West Orange schools. Read Part One here.]

As the West Orange School District prepares next year's budget, the district is faced with a 2 percent state budget increase cap and growing pressure to maintain services with less money.

Superintendent Anthony Cavanna said besides larger class sizes and fewer extracurricular activities, it's likely many teachers will lose their jobs.

Too Much Classroom, but Who Will Go?

Last year, the district lost 28 certified staff members, which led to an increase of two or three additional students in each classroom.

When looking at layoffs, the superintendent said it is based on tenure. The district begins layoffs with non-tenured positions then tenured teachers by seniority.

In a district where the average teacher salary this year hovers close to $80,000, Cavanna said next year's layoffs could see an additional 28 teachers let go, though he said that is not definite.

Teachers aren't the only employees facing the chopping block, according to Cavanna. Administrators and guidance counselors also could get the ax. He said those positions are based more on need than tenure.

Cavanna predicts class size will continue to grow, "That's absolutely correct. There's going to be less sports, less foreign language, less music and that's the reality of the economic times that we're in."

He said the burden is now on the taxpayers. "The budget can only grow two percent and it's very hard to stay within that cap and still meet the obligations we have in health benefits, fuel costs, facility repairs ... so, it has to come from some place else," he said.

Cavanna said the debate also continues over classroom size as teacher layoffs loom and the population of students attending West Orange schools continue to grow.

"I know there's a feeling out there that smaller class size is better ... but there's not a lot of research to support that in smaller classes, kids do better," he said. "Do we prefer to have smaller classes? Yes, we would and we try to keep them as small as we can."

Alan Guenther, a spokesperson for the New Jersey Department of Education, said he cannot accurately assess what, if any, impact a class size increase of two students will have on learning and said each district develops its own plan to control costs.

Zachary White, 18, a West Orange High School senior, said he finds the larger class sizes doable.

"I wouldn't say ... that classes are any bigger in West Orange than elsewhere. Even if that was the case, I'm not sure of how much of an impact that has," he said. "I've had great classes with 30-plus students because of the high quality of the teacher, while I've also had terrible classes with under 15 students because of the low standard of teaching."

Megan Brill, president of West Orange Board of Education, said an uncomfortable number for her is 24 or 25 students in one classroom.

"We're going to make sure there's not those numbers in the elementary school," she said, expressing that the current class sizes are increasing. "It's just going to be hard."

Kimberly Brown, 17, and a senior at the high school, said the layoffs and large classroom sizes kill students' focus.

"Large classes have more students who do not understand the material being taught. With that, a teacher spends more time answering the same question asked 14 different ways than moving on with the lesson," she said. "How can any student actually learn in an environment like that? It is frustrating and unreasonable."

From Private to Public

Exacerbating the problem in West Orange is an exodus of private school students who are returning to public schools, said Cavanna.

Instead of public school kids leaving West Orange, he's finding the opposite is true.

"You can't get what you get in public school in private schools," he said. "We've seen a lot of students in religious schools coming back to our schools ... from private schools back into our schools."

He said enrollment has increased between 100 and 150 students during the past two years. "A good percentage are from private schools," he said. "They realize economic times are bad and that maybe they can't afford the tuition any more or a private school offers (less advanced classes)."

Shira Rosenblum, 17, is a senior at West Orange High School who transferred in her sophomore year from Golda Och Academy (formerly Solomon Schechter Day School of Essex and Union). She said it wasn't her choice to move from a private school, but she has seen the benefit of a public education.

"Both my parents and myself find the quality of education and opportunities available so much more rewarding at public school," she said. "I certainly think the quality of teaching is more enriching and of a higher quality at public school and I do not think that the size of the class really affects the quality of teaching." 

She said she makes up for any lack of one-on-one time for extra help with teachers after school.

Cavanna said, though, the state's cap is making it harder to keep such "quality education" at his public schools. 

Brill said next year's cuts are going to be painful to the staff, students and parents alike, "We were worried about the cuts last year and everyone did a good job of limiting the impact of these cuts, but everyone will feel these cuts."

Cavanna said the district is in a tough place, "There's not much more that we can do."

— Diarra White contributed to this report.

[Editor's note: This story first published Dec. 8 at 9:49 a.m.]

About this column: An ongoing series about how the school community is fairing in tough economic times.

Ken

10:34 am on Wednesday, December 8, 2010

"fewer" teachers. proving we need "more" as in "greater number" of teachers. ;-)

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Loren Svetvilas

4:30 pm on Wednesday, December 8, 2010

Today my daughter's 2nd grade classroom added its 25th student. We used to justify our high W.O. taxes by saying we were paying for a great education. We still love our school and teachers, but 25 is waaaaaay too many in one classroom -- especially since the needs of so many students is increasing, and the support the school's can afford to hire has been cut/is on the chopping block. And now these large class sizes will be taught (inevitably?) by less qualified teachers because the more qualified ones will be looking for work faaaar away from this Christie-run State!

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sternie

8:13 am on Thursday, December 9, 2010

I once asked a seasoned educator/leader in the district what would 'go' if times got tough. He said, very presciently, that class size would be the first thing to increase. At that point there were 18 kids in a classroom. He mentioned that it was 'nice' to have that size of a class, but it was unrealistic.

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Ryan

11:13 am on Thursday, December 9, 2010

I suppose I should defer on this to people who have kids (I don't), but as a former kid, I have to say these numbers don't seem horrible. 25 is too many? Throughout elementary school I never had fewer than 30 in my classes, and in fourth grade we peaked at 40, with a relatively young teacher. She managed and so did we. Mind you, this was a semi-rural, lower-middle-class area, and I realize a town like WO is going to have more kids facing special challenges (ESL, etc.) so perhaps it's not entirely comparable. Still I have a hard time working up sympathy for the 'large classes' complaint.

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Sam

11:35 am on Thursday, December 9, 2010

I have idea, downsize the employees at the Board of Education administrative offices. Does Cavanna making over $220,000 really need three or more assistance making six figure incomes also? How about consolidating some departments and their work. Do we really need a Supervisor in English making $106,000 a year, an Assistant Superintendent Curriculum Instruction making over $188,000 a year, School Business Administrator making over $185,000, etc . Bear in mind these are just their salaries and do not include additional expense for each, for Health care benefits, travel etc. Get rid of those part timers working there who are making $60,000 or more a year with benefits. If you really want to see how BOE is spending bloated budget go to http://php.app.com/edstaff/results2.php?county=ESSEX&district=WEST+ORANGE&school=%25&lname=&fname=&job1=%25&Submit=Submit
If they did this they could save some teachers jobs. Stop sacrificing teachers for bloated BOE Administration positions.

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Portmanteau

11:59 am on Thursday, December 9, 2010

Sam,

But The Board Leadership has already identfied the fat cat art teachers as the reason for bloat.

Let's also limit terms for local government to Two consecutive terms.

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Beth

12:37 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

Amen Sam! I spent 30 years in Corporate America and now own my own small business and I can assure you I would be able to cut $ from the budget without impacting the quality of our kids education. The problem is we continue to vote people into office that approve budgets without trying to think of thoughtful or out-of-the-box solutions. In the 10 years I've lived in W. Orange my property taxes doubled!! If Parisi does not keep taxes in line I will actively campaign against him which I have never done in my life. I do believe most people are fed up and want some good solid problem solving from our esteemed council.

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Portmanteau

12:55 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

Unfortunately the district also loses tremendous appeal after 5th grade. But hey if the Leaders play their cards right, they can make the Elementary Schools as lousy as the secondary schools.

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Loren Svetvilas

1:51 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

I can only speak as a parent of two elementary aged kids, and as an elementary, public school teacher. From within the classroom, size really does matter. Why do private schools boast about class size and student:teacher ratios? I class size is a definite factor not only in academic achievement, but equally as well in social development, community awareness, and building a healthy relationship b/n the home and school.
Where to trim the "fat"? That's up for discussion, and I don't expect Parisi to have an answer. And Christie may look like a hero to some, but I don't expect him to help matters much. He's a little too busy running to wherever the spotlight is, and beating up on all public employees, not just teachers.

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Kevin

3:08 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

But doesn't class size only matter to a point? I'd have to look back, but my private school in PA class size was at least 20 students in the classroom. when i got to high school, it was easily 25-30 students.

Obviously there's cuts that can be made everywhere, but what class size is "best"? Productivity is naturally going to go down as you add each additional student to a class, but what's the breaking point?

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Loren Svetvilas

3:56 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

There must be a study out there somewhere addressing class size. The 'breaking point' is negotiable, I guess (???) There are so many factors, including the abilities/disabilities of the students, the talents of the teacher/facilitator, and soooo much more. Where to begin. We do know that key factors to a failing school are class size which is too large, lack of funding, and a lack of qualified staff.
It's amazing what 1 or 2 additional students in a classroom translates into besides space: communication with families, attention to individual students, conferencing time, monitoring, atmosphere including noise level, and back to the space issue: overcrowding does not welcome a learning mindset. Then we add any and children who require extra assistance and/or the specialists that come into and out the classroom, the specials that such as art, music, media and PE which will now have a larger class(s) to build skills with -- and mix in all the cuts to current programs and funding -- it just makes for a very frustrating dilemma, with no easy solution.

sternie

9:55 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

Where to begin? Well folks I work as an Art Teacher in this district and I live in town. I enjoy both experiences very much and am well aware of the challenges that face residents here. My taxes have doubled since 2002 and I live in a fairly modest 3/2 split level in built in 1953.

My thoughts are varied when it comes to the town and how they spend our tax dollars. My first inclination is to defend the board of education and remind people of the hard work being done by teachers in the schools. But my fear is that West Orange is quickly becoming red-lined by prospective home buyers as a place where the taxes are simply too high.

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sternie

9:56 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

What can we do?

Personally, As a 'luxury' item I suppose I can take my k-5 regular certification and enter a classroom if we decide that Art is no longer needed in the Elementary schools. I will say that in the 8 years that I have taught here we've had a lot of fun! That has always been my goal. To make the 45 minutes that I spend with kids "fun" and to teach them a little something about art and art history. Whatever the outcome of the latest round of budget cuts, whether we decide to gut the specials and keep the bloat. Or, if we fire a bunch of young teachers again I will remind the board of Florida.

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sternie

9:56 pm on Thursday, December 9, 2010

When I graduated with my Masters from the University of South Florida in 1993, there was a recession in that state. Every non-tenured teacher was laid off (something like 3000). Once the economy recovered, and it usually does eventually, there was such difficulty in the state finding anyone to teach that they had to offer signing bonuses of $3-5k just to get people in the door. You see once you eliminate good young people from the workforce, they simply find other jobs. They leave the field. In fact teaching is one of the few fields where fully 50% of all new teachers leave in the first 5 years.

I think firms that fire their younger workers in tough times are short sighted. I think that we need really intelligent leadership in this town. We need people to work in government who are really creative and insightful people who can come up with solutions that make West Orange a better place to live.

The stakes are very high. Our property values in a hyper competitive down market are at stake. Our kids' futures and the future of the schools in general are also up for grabs. I'd like to see some inspiring leadership come out of this crisis. I await the outcome.

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